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'<br>Cast carbon steel is formed through pressure compressing or rapidly expanding carbon into a solid alloy that is very dense and hard, but brittle in nature. It has very good ductility as well as good toughness, which makes it a highly desirable alloy for many different applications. Because of these properties carbon steels have been widely used in a wide range of industries from aerospace engineering to furniture making to casting, plating and die casting. [https://Www.castermetal.com/cast-carbon-steel/ Carbon steel casting] is the principal means of mechanical manufacture of cast tubes and pipes, as it is the most widely available form of material for these purposes. As cast carbon steel is also a very economic metal it has had a significant impact on the world's economy.<br><br><br>There are several different types of cast carbon steel pipe fittings that are used in the mechanical design of valves. For example, a float cup or piston valve may require a tee of cast carbon steel that has been manufactured using a pressurised die. Another variation is that a cup or sleeve may be cast carbon steel that is inserted into a conventional stem valve or an internal-combustion valve. Some other types of fittings include a water-tight cast valve stem with a conventional stem valve or an externally-hanging stem valve. The cast valve stem can have a conventional stem plate, which has a tapered interior; or it can have an internal 'wye' for controlling flow.<br><br><br>There are two types of cast iron pipe fittings: those that are pre-heat treated and those that are not pre-heat treated. A pre-heat treatment means that the steel is subject to heat treatment, such as quenching, before it is machined. This ensures that the physical and chemical properties of the castings remain fixed, particularly during the cutting, bending and forming process, without any changes during the fabrication process. A pre-heat treated piece is said to have a more flexible or hardening property than an untreated piece.<br><br><br>When looking for cast carbon steel pipe fittings, it is advisable to choose those of a high quality grade and standard so that they have a long shelf life and resist rusting. High quality pieces generally have a stamped component indicating the steel's quenched state. High quality castings will also have a green stripe running through the center of the pipe, which is a visual indicator that the piece has been treated with quenching.<br><br><br>Before attempting to cast carbon steel, it is important to understand its properties. The most important thing to note is that there are two different kinds of carbon: the plain carbon, which contains no alloying element, and the carbon alloy, which contains one or more alloying elements, depending on the nature of the metal. Plain carbon comprises the largest percentage of cast carbon steel, followed by the low carbon steels.<br><br><br>Cast carbon steels are not very popular because they are comparatively difficult to shape and weld into intricate shapes. This is the reason why they are mostly used in production of cast products such as pipes. Other than being hard wearing and strong, cast carbon steels are known to be less malleable. Thus, it is often difficult to produce cast products with this material. The most popular types of cast carbon steel pipe fittings are the cast steel cones. However, their popularity comes as a result of their high strength, low cost and excellent shape resistance.<br>'